বিসিএস প্রস্তুতির জন্য ইংরেজি ভাষা ও সাহিত্য ১ম পর্ব
English Language
A. Parts of Speech
- Duchess is feminine gender of- Duke.
- Mare is feminine gender of- Horse.
- The plural form of wolf is- Wolves.
- Nazrul__is our national poet was also a soldier.- who.
- An adjective modifies- Both noun and pronoun.
- The verb of false is- falsify.
- The child cried for__mother.- its.
- The singular form of criteria is- Criterion
B. Idioms & Phrases
- White elephant- a very costly or troublesome possession.
- Out and out- thoroughly.
- A round dozen- a full dozen.
- Soft soap- flatter for self motive.
- Hold water- bear examination
- At the outset- at the beginning.
- Castle in the air- a fanciful scheme.
- Write off- reducing rate.
- Feel at home- free and easy.
- To embrace a habit – to eagarly engage in it.
- Tooth and nail- tried hard.
এই বিভাগ থেকে আরো পড়ুন :
- বিসিএস প্রিলিমিনারী প্রস্তুতির জন্য বাংলা ভাষা ও সাহিত্য থেকে কিছু গুরুত্বপূর্ণ প্রশ্নোত্তর
- বিসিএস প্রস্তুতির জন্য আন্তর্জাতিক বিষয়াবলী ১ম পর্ব
- বিসিএস প্রিলিমিনারী প্রস্তুতির জন্য বাংলা ভাষা ও সাহিত্য পর্ব- ০২
C. Clauses
- I know the boy who went there. – Adjective clause.
- The girl whom you met in the hospital is my cousin.- Adjective clause.
- How he came here is a mystery.- Noun clause.
- I think that he is an honest man. – Noun clause.
- He talks as if he knew everything. – Adverbial clause.
D. Corrections
- Inc. Neither you nor I are in a sound position.
Cor. Neither you nor I am in a sound position. - Inc. Train is running in time.
Cor. The train is running on time. - Inc. One of my friends are a lawyer.
Cor. One of my friends is a lawyer. - Inc. ‘The Arabian Nights’ are still great favorite.
Cor. ‘The Arabian Nights’ is still a great favorite.
E. Transformation of Sentences
- Affir : Everybody likes flowers.
Neg : Nobody dislikes flowers. - Ass: There is no hope for me.
Int: Is there any hope for me? - Ass : The garden is very beautiful.
Exc: How beautiful the garden is! - Simple : He is too weak to walk.
Complex : He is so weak that he cannot walk.
Compound : He is very weak and he cannot walk. - Active : His sudden death shocked me.
Passive : I was shocked at his sudden death. - Sup : Dhaka is the biggest city in Bangladesh
Poss : No other city in Bangladesh is as big as Dhaka.
F. Words
(i) Meanings (one word substitutions)
- A place where money is coined- Mint.
- A remedy for all diseases- Panacea
- One who eats all kinds of food- Omnivorous.
- A place for keeping Aeroplanes- Hanger.
- The killing of a whole race- Genocide.
- A person who writes dictionaries- Lexicographer.
- Animals sucking their mother’s breast- Mammals.
(ii) Synonyms
- Delude- Deceive
- Rage- Anger
- Emancipate- Liberate
- Venerate- Respect
- Sporadic- Scattered
- Franchise- Privilege
- Augment- Amplify
- Coherent- Consistent
- Gallant- Brave
- Inception- Beginning
- Obscene- Indecent.
(iii) Antonyms
- Central- Periphery
- Transitory- Permanent
- Diligent- Indolent
- Smooth- Rough
- Consolidation- Fragmentation
- Harbinger- Follower
- Penury- Wealth
- Conceal- Divulge
- Demur- Accept
- Dormant- Active
(iv) Spellings
- Possession
- Embarrassment
- Conspicuous
- Dichotomy
- Accommodation
- Erroneously
- Repetition
- Bureaucracy
- Guarantee
- Transparency
- Cigarette
- Dilemma
- Machinery
- Exaggerate.
(v) Usage of words as various Parts of speech
- Noun form of the word “just’ is- justification
- Verb form of the word ‘politics’ is- politicize.
- Adjective form of the word’ ‘tax’ is- taxable.
- Verb form of the word ‘danger’ is- endanger.
- Noun form of the word long’ is- length
- Adjective form of the word ‘poverty’ is- poor.
(vi) Formation of new words by adding Prefixes and Suffixes
Prefixes
- Mis- Misfortune, Miscarriage, Misrule, Misuse
- Im-Impurity, Immigration, Immortal, Imperfect, Impossible.
- In- Inequality, Injustice, Infinity, Inactive, Inhuman.
- Be- Become, Bemuse, Behold, Becalm, Behead, Belittle.
Suffixes
- en-Sweeten, Whiten, Hasten, Brighten.
- ist-Socialist, Royalist, Terrorist, Anarchist.
- ed-Salted, Deformed, Powdered, Restrained.
- fy-Amplify, Verify, Exemplify, Justify.
G. Composition
- Formal letters must have- a subject.
- The two types of letter are- (i) formal (ii) informal
- Main part of a letter is- body.
- A paragraph must have- a single idea or topic.
- One should complete a paragraph within- one para.
- In a report writing it is needed to mention- date and place.
English Literature
Literary Periods, Terms and Writers
- Poet Alfred Tennyson belongs to- Victorian period.
- P.B. Shelley is a- revolutionary poet.
- Ernest Hemingway won Nobel Prize in- 1954.
- A serious play with a sad ending is called- Tragedy.
- Victorian period of English literature refers to- 1832-1901.
- First recipient of Nobel Prize for literature- RFA Sully Proudhomme.
- John Keats belongs to- Nineteenth century.
- George Bernard Shaw was an- Irish dramatist.
- T.S Eliot, D.H. Lawrence, Pearl S. Buck belong to- Georgian period.
- Elizabethan age refers to- 1558-1603.
Authors, Works and Types
- `Paradise Lost’ written by- John Milton
- Satirical poem ‘Dunciad’ was composed by- Alexander Pope.
- ‘A Voyage of Lilliput’ is written by- Jonathan Swift
- ‘Robinson Crusoe’ was written by- Daniel Defoe.
- ‘Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard’ was written by- Thomas Gray.
- Composer of ‘Andrea del Sarto’ is- Robert Browning.
- ‘Prometheus Unbound’ was written by- P.B. Shelley.
- `Wondered Lonely as a Cloud’ Wordsworth compares daffodils with- The stars of Milky Way.
- ‘The Solitary Reaper’ was composed by- William Wordsworth.
- ‘Biographia Literaria’ was written by- S.T. Coleridge.
- `Trunkless legs’ in the poem Ozymandas referto- Leg without body.
Quotations
- A good face is the best letter of recommendation.- Queen Elizabeth.
- Beauty is truth, truth is beauty.- John Keats.
- Water, water, everywhere, not a drop to drink.- S.T. Coleridge.
- Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed and some few to be chewed and digested.- Francis Bacon.
- Sweet are the uses of adversity.- William Shakespeare.
